Holographic Anisotropic Model for Light Quarks with Confinement-Deconfinement Phase Transition

TL;DR

This paper develops a five-dimensional anisotropic holographic model for light quarks that captures confinement-deconfinement phase transitions and reproduces lattice QCD results, providing insights into the QCD phase diagram and potential behavior.

Contribution

It introduces a generalized anisotropic holographic model with a Van der Waals-like phase transition, extending isotropic models and matching lattice data for string tension.

Findings

Identifies phase transition points via Wilson loops and background instability.

Studies the anisotropic effects on the Cornell potential and its asymptotics.

Fits lattice string tension results using boundary conditions for the dilaton.

Abstract

We present a five-dimensional anisotropic holographic model for light quarks supported by Einstein-dilaton-two-Maxwell action. This model generalizing isotropic holographic model with light quarks is characterized by a Van der Waals-like phase transition between small and large black holes. We compare the location of the phase transition for Wilson loops with the positions of the phase transition related to the background instability and describe the QCD phase diagram in the thermodynamic plane -- temperature $T$ and chemical potential $\mu$. The Cornell potential behavior in this anisotropic model is also studied. The asymptotics of the Cornell potential at large distances strongly depend on the parameter of anisotropy and orientation. There is also a nontrivial dependence of the Cornell potential on the boundary conditions of the dilaton field and parameter of anisotropy. With the help of the boundary conditions for the dilaton field one fits the results of the lattice calculations for the string tension as a function of temperature in isotropic case and then generalize to the anisotropic one.