Ideal Extensions and Directly Infinite Algebras

TL;DR

This paper characterizes all split extensions of the Laurent polynomial algebra by the algebra of infinite matrices, and constructs an infinite family of non-isomorphic such extensions, deepening understanding of ideal structures in infinite-dimensional algebras.

Contribution

It provides a complete characterization of trivial extensions of $K[x,x^{-1}]$ by $M_inite(K)$ and constructs infinitely many non-isomorphic extensions.

Findings

Characterization of all split extensions of $K[x,x^{-1}]$ by $M_inite(K)$

Construction of an infinite family of non-isomorphic extensions

Extensions analyzed as sub-algebras of infinite matrix algebras

Abstract

Directly infinite algebras, those algebras, $E$ which have a pair of elements $x$ and $y$ where $1 = xy \neq yx$, are well known to have a sub-algebra isomorphic to $M_\infty(K)$, the set of infinite $\zplus \times \zplus$-indexed matrices which have only finitely many nonzero entries. When this sub-algebra is actually an ideal, we may analyze the algebra in terms of an extension of some algebra $A$ by $M_\infty(K)$, that is, a short exact sequence of $K$-algebras $0 \to M_\infty(K) \to E \to A \to 0$. The present article characterizes all trivial (split) extensions of $K[x,x^{-1}]$ by $M_\infty(K)$ by examining the extensions as sub-algebras of infinite matrix algebras. Furthermore, we construct an infinite family of pairwise non-isomorphic extensions $\{\mathcal T_i : i \geq 0\}$, all of which can be written as an extension $0 \to M_\infty(K) \to \mathcal T_i \to K[x,x^{-1}] \to 0$.