Vibration-induced actuation of droplets on microstructured surfaces

TL;DR

This paper investigates how droplets move horizontally on vibrated microstructured surfaces with asymmetric features, driven by vapor flow forces, and develops a quantitative model to predict their dynamics.

Contribution

It introduces a new understanding of droplet motion driven by vapor flow on asymmetric microstructured surfaces and provides a quantitative model for their dynamic behavior.

Findings

Droplets exhibit horizontal motion on vibrated asymmetric surfaces.

Vapor flow causes unbalanced forces leading to droplet movement.

A quantitative model predicts droplet dynamics based on vibration parameters.

Abstract

When a liquid droplet impacts a vibrated micro-structured surface with asymmetric topology, the liquids perform a horizontal motion during its bouncing. The moving effect is observed when the liquid is in contact with a low surface energy surface (e.g. hydrophobic) and over a wide amplitude and frequency range. We propose that the motion direction of liquid droplets is driven by a force exerted by the unbalanced vapor flow between the contact of solid and the liquid due to the asymmetric geometry. We observe the levitation and movement dynamics of the droplet impacting on a vibrated micro-structured surface to reveal the processes responsible for the transitional regime between the moving, unmoved, and broken droplet as the vibration amplitude and frequency increases. Based on the insight provided by the experiment and on the analysis of the kinetic energy of the droplet, we develop a quantitative model for the dynamic movement and its dependence on the vibration characteristics.