Progress on 3+1D Glasma simulations

TL;DR

This paper reviews advances in 3+1D Glasma simulations that model the early stages of heavy-ion collisions, incorporating finite nuclei extent and improved numerical stability for higher energy studies.

Contribution

It introduces a 3+1D simulation framework with finite nuclear extent and an improved numerical scheme to study gluonic field evolution in heavy-ion collisions.

Findings

Computed the 3+1D Glasma energy-momentum tensor with rapidity dependence.

Compared simulation results to RHIC pion multiplicity data.

Enhanced simulation stability for higher energy LHC conditions.

Abstract

We review our progress on 3+1D Glasma simulations to describe the earliest stages of heavy-ion collisions. In our simulations we include nuclei with finite longitudinal extent and describe the collision process as well as the evolution of the strongly interacting gluonic fields in the laboratory frame in 3+1 dimensions using the colored particle-in-cell method. This allows us to compute the 3+1 dimensional Glasma energy-momentum tensor, whose rapidity dependence can be compared to experimental pion multiplicity data from RHIC. An improved scheme cures the numerical Cherenkov instability and paves the way for simulations at higher energies used at LHC.