Measurements of multiplicity fluctuations of identified hadrons in inelastic proton-proton interactions at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron

TL;DR

This study measures multiplicity fluctuations of identified hadrons in inelastic proton-proton collisions at various energies, using advanced fluctuation measures and the Identity method, and compares results with several Monte Carlo models.

Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive analysis of multiplicity fluctuations in p+p interactions across multiple energies using strongly intensive measures and the Identity method, enabling direct comparison with nucleus-nucleus collision results.

Findings

Multiplicity fluctuation measures vary with collision energy.

Comparison with Monte Carlo models shows partial agreement.

Results facilitate understanding of particle production mechanisms.

Abstract

Measurements of multiplicity fluctuations of identified hadrons produced in inelastic p+p interactions at 31, 40, 80, and 158~\GeVc beam momentum are presented. Three different measures of multiplicity fluctuations are used: the scaled variance $\omega$ and strongly intensive measures $\Sigma$ and $\Delta$. These fluctuation measures involve second and first moments of joint multiplicity distributions. Data analysis is performed using the Identity method which corrects for incomplete particle identification. Strongly intensive quantities are calculated in order to allow for a direct comparison to corresponding results on nucleus-nucleus collisions. The results for different hadron types are shown as a function of collision energy. A comparison with predictions of string-resonance Monte-Carlo models: Epos, Smash and Venus, is also presented.