Role of the conserved charges in the chiral symmetry restoration phase transition

TL;DR

This paper investigates how conserved charges like baryon, isospin, and strangeness influence phase transitions in dense matter, highlighting the effects of charge asymmetry and vector interactions within a three-flavor PNJL model.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed analysis of conserved charges' impact on chiral symmetry restoration, emphasizing the role of charge fraction and vector interactions in dense matter phase transitions.

Findings

Asymmetric matter favors formation of chiral-symmetric quark matter.

Vector interactions lower the density threshold for quark matter formation.

Charge fraction $Y_Q=0.4$ is particularly relevant for heavy-ion collisions and supernovae.

Abstract

The effect of conserved baryon, isospin and strangeness charges on the behavior of phase transitions in dense matter is studied. Baryonic matter is described within the three-flavor Polyakov$-$Nambu$-$Jona-Lasinio model and several charge fractions $Y_Q$ are considered. The role of the vector interaction, which can be important to describe dense systems, is discussed. Special attention is given to the case with charge fraction $Y_Q=0.4$, due to its importance in heavy-ion collisions and core-collapse supernova matter. It is shown that the possible formation of chiral-symmetric quark matter in the laboratory will be favored in asymmetric matter. Besides, the inclusion of the vector interaction reinforces the formation of quark matter at lower densities.