Multiparameter Quantum Estimation Theory in Quantum Gaussian states

TL;DR

This paper develops analytical formulas for the quantum Fisher information matrix in multiparameter quantum Gaussian states, enabling precise quantum parameter estimation and identifying conditions for optimal measurement strategies.

Contribution

It provides the first comprehensive analytical framework for the quantum Fisher information in Gaussian states, including conditions for saturating the quantum Cramér-Rao bound.

Findings

Derived explicit formulas for RLD and SLD operators.

Established conditions for bound saturation.

Applied results to specific examples.

Abstract

Multiparameter quantum estimation theory aims to determine simultaneously the ultimate precision of all parameters contained in the state of a given quantum system. Determining this ultimate precision depends on the quantum Fisher information matrix (QFIM) which is essential to obtaining the quantum Cram\'er-Rao bound. This is the main motivation of this work which concerns the computation of the analytical expression of the QFIM. Inspired by the results reported in J. Phys. A 52, 035304 (2019), the general formalism of the multiparameter quantum estimation theory of quantum Gaussian states in terms of their first and second moments are given. We give the analytical formulas of right logarithmic derivative (RLD) and symmetric logarithmic derivative (SLD) operators. Then we derive the general expressions of the corresponding quantum Fisher information matrices. We also derive an explicit expression of the condition which ensures the saturation of the quantum Cram\'er-Rao bound in estimating several parameters. Finally, we examine some examples to clarify the use of our results