Primordial gravitational waves spectrum in the interacting Bose-Einstein gas model

TL;DR

This paper investigates how an interacting Bose-Einstein gas model for dark energy influences the evolution and spectrum of primordial gravitational waves across different cosmic epochs, highlighting parameter effects on detectability.

Contribution

It introduces a scale factor linked to the radiation-matter transition in the Bose-Einstein gas dark energy model and analyzes its impact on gravitational wave spectra.

Findings

The model's dark-matter density parameter significantly affects gravitational wave amplitude.

Other parameters have negligible effects on the gravitational wave spectrum.

Detection prospects depend on specific model parameters and measurement capabilities.

Abstract

We study the evolution and power spectrum of primordial gravitational waves in the interactive Bose-Einstein gas model for dark energy, relevant, as it addresses the coincidence problem. The model is applied in the radiation, matter and dark-energy domination stages. The model introduces a scale factor associated to the radiation-matter transition which influences the gravitational spectrum. We focus on the impact of the free parameters on both the gravitational waves amplitude and its power-spectrum slope. For sets of parameters fitting Hubble's law, we show that the model's parameter for today's dark-matter energy density has a noticeable impact on such waves, while the others produce an indistinguishable effect. The feasibility of detecting such waves under present and future measurements is discussed.