Randomness Quantification for Quantum Random Number Generation Based on Detection of Amplified Spontaneous Emission Noise

TL;DR

This paper develops a comprehensive physical model and a quantification method for quantum randomness derived from amplified spontaneous emission noise, enhancing security analysis for quantum random number generators.

Contribution

It introduces a systematic physical model and a verifiable randomness quantification approach for ASE-based QRNGs, filling gaps in physical understanding and security assessment.

Findings

Model accurately fits experimental data

Quantification method isolates quantum-origin randomness

Enhances security analysis for ASE-based QRNGs

Abstract

The amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise has been extensively studied and employed to build quantum random number generators (QRNGs). While the previous relative works mainly focus on the realization and verification of the QRNG system, the comprehensive physical model and randomness quantification for the general detection of the ASE noise are still incomplete, which is essential for the quantitative security analysis. In this paper, a systematical physical model for the emission, detection and acquisition of the ASE noise with added electronic noise is developed and verified, based on which the numerical simulations are performed under various setups and the simulation results all significantly fit well with the corresponding experimental data. Then, a randomness quantification method and the corresponding experimentally verifiable approach are proposed and validated, which quantifies the randomness purely resulted from the quantum process and improves the security analysis for the QRNG based on the detection of the ASE noise. The physical model and the randomness quantification method proposed in this paper are of significant feasibility and applicable for the QRNG system with randomness originating from the detection of the photon number with arbitrary distributions.