Quantum turbulence in Bose-Einstein condensates: present status and new challenges ahead

TL;DR

This paper reviews the current state of quantum turbulence in Bose-Einstein condensates, highlighting recent experimental and theoretical advances, challenges in characterization, and future research directions in understanding fundamental quantum turbulence properties.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive overview of recent progress and identifies key challenges in studying quantum turbulence in ultracold gases, especially BECs.

Findings

Recent experimental observations of quantum turbulence in BECs

Theoretical models explaining vortex dynamics in quantum fluids

Identification of key challenges in characterizing turbulence in trapped BECs

Abstract

The field of quantum turbulence is related to the manifestation of turbulence in quantum fluids, such as liquid helium and ultracold gases. The concept of turbulence in quantum systems was conceived more than 70 years ago by Onsager and Feynman, but the study of turbulent ultracold gases is very recent. Although it is a young field, it already provides new approaches to the problem of turbulence. We review the advances and present status, of both theory and experiments, concerning atomic Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs). We present the difficulties of characterizing turbulence in trapped BECs, if compared to classical turbulence or turbulence in liquid helium. We summarize the challenges ahead, mostly related to the understanding of fundamental properties of quantum turbulence, including what is being done to investigate them.