Effect of noise on output-only modal identification of beams

TL;DR

This study investigates how noise affects the accuracy of output-only modal identification of beams, showing that lower signal-to-noise ratios hinder first mode detection but higher modes remain identifiable.

Contribution

It provides an analysis of the impact of noise levels on modal parameter identification in beams using output-only methods, highlighting the noise thresholds for reliable detection.

Findings

Modal parameters are identifiable at SNR > 13.98 dB.

First mode identification fails at SNR between -6.02 and 13.98 dB.

Higher modes can be accurately identified even at higher noise levels.

Abstract

In most cases, structural health monitoring depends on the determination of the modal parameters of the first few modes of a structure. The data that are used to identify these modes by output-only methods include the structure response together with noise. The presence of noise in the structure response affects the modal parameters. The current study was undertaken to examine the possibility and accuracy of identifying the modal parameters of beams in the presence of noise. For this purpose, the modal parameters of the different modes of single-span beams were obtained using output data with different signal-to-noise ratios. The acceleration signals were obtained by transient analysis and then different powers of noise were generated and added to the signals. The modal parameters of the beams were obtained using output-only methods. Parameters having signal-to-noise ratios of greater than 13.98 dB for all modes considered were identified. At a signal-to-noise ratio of -6.02 to 13.98 dB (higher noise level), it was not possible to identify the modal parameters of the first mode of beams, but the parameters of the higher modes were identified with good accuracy.