Enhancement of Spin-charge Conversion in Dilute Magnetic Alloys by Kondo Screening

TL;DR

This paper develops a kinetic theory for dilute magnetic alloys that incorporates strong spin-orbit coupling and Kondo screening, revealing significant effects on spin transport properties and providing predictions testable in experiments.

Contribution

It introduces a non-perturbative collision integral capturing side-jump effects without heuristic assumptions, advancing understanding of spin-charge conversion in Kondo alloys.

Findings

Large zero-temperature spin Hall conductivity depending on Fermi wave number

Modified spin diffusion law due to transverse spin diffusion

Theoretical predictions are experimentally verifiable in Kondo alloy systems

Abstract

We derive a kinetic theory capable of dealing both with large spin-orbit coupling and Kondo screening in dilute magnetic alloys. We obtain the collision integral non-perturbatively and uncover a contribution proportional to the momentum derivative of the impurity scattering S-matrix. The latter yields an important correction to the spin diffusion and spin-charge conversion coefficients, and fully captures the so-called side-jump process without resorting to the Born approximation (which fails for resonant scattering), or to otherwise heuristic derivations. We apply our kinetic theory to a quantum impurity model with strong spin-orbit, which captures the most important features of Kondo-screened Cerium impurities in alloys such as La$_{1-x}$Cu$_6$. We find 1) a large zero-temperature spin Hall conductivity that depends solely on the Fermi wave number and 2) a transverse spin diffusion mechanism that modifies the standard Fick's diffusion law. Our predictions can be readily verified by standard spin-transport measurements in metal alloys with Kondo impurities.