The wide-field VLBA calibrator survey -- WFCS

TL;DR

This paper reports the largest VLBI radio source catalog from the VLBA, with improved wide-field imaging and simultaneous multi-frequency observations, significantly expanding the number of observed sources and the accuracy of their positions.

Contribution

It introduces a large-scale VLBI survey with wide-field capabilities, simultaneous dual-frequency observations, and an automatic scheduling procedure, surpassing previous surveys in scope and precision.

Findings

Detected 7220 sources, including 6755 new VLBI observations.

Generated 15,599 images of 7179 sources with median 1.7 mas position uncertainty.

Achieved a field of view 4-8 arcminutes, enabling detection of extended sources.

Abstract

The paper presents the results of the largest to date VLBI absolute astrometry campaign of observations of 13,645 radio sources with the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA). Of them, 7220 have been detected, including 6755 target sources that have never been observed with VLBI before. This makes the present VLBI catalogue the largest ever published. Positions of the target sources have been determined with the median uncertainty 1.7 mas, and 15,599 images of 7179 sources have been generated. Unlike to previous absolute radio astrometry campaigns, observations were made at 4.3 and 7.6 GHz simultaneously using a single wide-band receiver. Because of the fine spectral and time resolutions, the field of view was 4 to 8 arcminutes -- much greater than 10 to 20 arcseconds in previous surveys. This made possible to use input catalogues with low position accuracy and detect a compact component in extended sources. Unlike to previous absolute astrometry campaigns, both steep and flat spectrum sources were observed. The observations were scheduled in the so-called fill-in mode to fill the gaps between other high priority programs. That was achieved by development of the totally automatic scheduling procedure.