Bilirubin lowering effect and safety of a prototype low cost blue light emitting diode (LED) phototherapy device in the treatment of indirect hyperbilirubinemia among healthy term infants in a tertiary government hospital: a pilot study

TL;DR

This pilot study demonstrates that a low-cost blue LED phototherapy device effectively reduces bilirubin levels in healthy term infants with hyperbilirubinemia and is safe for clinical use.

Contribution

The study introduces a novel, low-cost LED phototherapy prototype and evaluates its safety and efficacy in treating neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.

Findings

Bilirubin levels decreased significantly after 24 and 48 hours of treatment.

No adverse effects or rebound hyperbilirubinemia observed.

A substantial reduction in high-risk zone patients during treatment.

Abstract

Objective: This pilot study was done to evaluate the capability of a prototype low cost blue light emitting diode (LED) phototherapy device in lowering bilirubin levels among healthy term infants diagnosed with indirect hyperbilirubinemia. Methods: Experimental study on term infants diagnosed with indirect hyperbilirubinemia in Ospital ng Makati from May 2016 to November 2016 who underwent phototherapy using the low cost blue LED phototherapy prototype. Results: After 24 hours of phototherapy under the prototype LED phototherapy unit, 16% of the total patients completed treatment as they were already classified in the low risk zone, and another 36% of patients completed treatment after 48 hours. The total bilirubin significantly decreased from baseline bilirubin levels after 24 hours by 16.5% (p = 0.0001). The mean percentage of change of bilirubin reduced after 48 hours of 29.9% was also significant. The proportion of subjects in the high risk zone during baseline to 24th hour went down significantly from 80% to 28% (p = 0.0003), while comparing baseline to 48th hour, the percentage of high risk zone went down from 80% to 9.5% (p = 0.0001). No subjects were reported to have rebound hyperbilirubinemia after discontinuation of phototherapy treatment under the LED prototype. No patient experienced any complication while on phototherapy treatment. Conclusion: The prototype low cost blue light emitting diode (LED) phototherapy was able to lower total serum bilirubin among healthy term infants with indirect hyperbilirubinemia and was safe to use.