Cybersecurity of Electric Vehicle Smart Charging Management Systems
Narayan Bhusal, Mukesh Gautam, and Mohammed Benidris

TL;DR
This paper reviews the cybersecurity challenges of smart charging management systems for electric vehicles, highlighting vulnerabilities, potential impacts on the power grid, and proposing measures to enhance security.
Contribution
It provides a comprehensive review of SCMS cybersecurity, analyzes vulnerabilities, and suggests cybersecurity measures for EV charging systems.
Findings
Cyber-physical threats pose safety and grid stability risks.
Current SCMS practices have significant vulnerabilities.
Research gaps exist in securing EV charging infrastructure.
Abstract
In concept, a smart charging management system (SCMS) optimizes the charging of plug-in vehicles (PEVs) and provides various grid services including voltage control, frequency regulation, peak shaving, renewable energy integration support, spinning reserve, and emergency demand response. These functionalities largely depend upon data collected from various entities such as PEVs, electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE), service providers, and utilities. SCMS can be susceptible to both cyber and physical threats (e.g. man-in-the-middle attack, data intrigued attack, denial of charging, physical-attack) due to interactions of and interdependencies between cyber and physical components. Cyber-physical threats through highly connected malware vectors raise various concerns including public safety hazards to vehicle operators and those in the immediate vicinity as well as disruptions to…
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