Blockchain-Enabled Internet-of-Things Platform for End-to-End Industrial Hemp Supply Chain

TL;DR

This paper presents a blockchain-enabled IoT platform designed to enhance transparency, traceability, and regulatory compliance in the industrial hemp supply chain by integrating smart contracts, mobile data collection, and immutable tracking.

Contribution

It introduces a novel two-layer blockchain system with smart contracts and a mobile app for real-time data sharing in the hemp supply chain, improving efficiency and security.

Findings

Supports interoperability across supply chain participants

Enhances efficiency of quality control verification

Ensures safety and regulatory compliance

Abstract

After being legalized as an agricultural commodity by the 2018 U.S. Farm Bill, the Industrial Hemp production is moved from limited pilot programs to a regulated agriculture production system, and the market keeps increasing since then. However, Industrial Hemp Supply Chain (IHSC) faces several critical challenges, including high complexity and variability, data tampering, and lack of immutable information tracking system. In this paper, we develop a blockchain enabled internet-of-things (IoT) platform for IHSC to support process tracking, scalability, interoperability, and risk management. Basically, we create a two-layer blockchain with proof-of-authority based smart contract, which can leverage local authorities with state/federal regulators to ensure and accelerate quality control verification and regulatory compliance. Then, we develop a user-friendly mobile app so that each participant can use smart phone to real-time collect and upload their data to the cloud, and further share the process verification and tracking information through the blockchain network. Our study indicates the proposed platform can support interoperability, improve the efficiency of quality control verification, and ensure the safety of regulated IHSC.