Altering magnetic response of superconductors by rotation

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that mechanical rotation can alter the magnetic response of superconductors by changing their critical fields through the superposition of induced currents, offering a new way to control superconducting properties.

Contribution

It introduces a novel method of modifying superconductor magnetic response via mechanical rotation, revealing the influence of rotation on critical fields and vortex behavior.

Findings

Rotation changes critical magnetic fields in superconductors.

Superposition of Meissner and rotational currents affects superconductivity.

Critical fields can be increased or decreased by rotation depending on geometry.

Abstract

It is generally believed that, at a certain temperature below the critical one, magnetic response of a superconductor (SC) is determined solely by its intrinsic properties. Here we show that the mechanical rotation of a SC can easily change the values of the critical fields at which the superconductivity is destroyed (type-1 SC) or the vortices penetrate into (exit from) the material (type-2 SC). This is due to a superposition of the Meissner current induced by the external field, and the spontaneous current on the surface of the SC induced by the mechanical rotation. As a result, the critical fields of a SC can be increased or decreased, depending on the geometrical form of the material and the relative orientation of rotation and the external field.