A One-Dimensional Variational Problem for Cholesteric Liquid Crystals with Disparate Elastic Constants

TL;DR

This paper analyzes a one-dimensional variational model for cholesteric liquid crystals with high twist energy penalty, exploring the asymptotic behavior of energy minimizers as a small parameter approaches zero.

Contribution

It introduces a new asymptotic analysis of a variational problem for cholesteric liquid crystals with disparate elastic constants, including the derivation of the Gamma-limit.

Findings

Existence of local energy minimizers classified by overall twist

Gamma-limit of the relaxed energies includes twist and jump terms

Results extended to vanishing cholesteric pitch

Abstract

We consider a one-dimensional variational problem arising in connection with a model for cholesteric liquid crystals. The principal feature of our study is the assumption that the twist deformation of the nematic director incurs much higher energy penalty than other modes of deformation. The appropriate ratio of the elastic constants then gives a small parameter $\varepsilon$ entering an Allen-Cahn-type energy functional augmented by a twist term. We consider the behavior of the energy as $\varepsilon$ tends to zero. We demonstrate existence of the local energy minimizers classified by their overall twist, find the $\Gamma$-limit of the relaxed energies and show that it consists of the twist and jump terms. Further, we extend our results to include the situation when the cholesteric pitch vanishes along with $\varepsilon$.