Characterizing viscoelastic materials via ensemble-based data assimilation of bubble collapse observations

TL;DR

This paper develops ensemble-based data assimilation methods to infer viscoelastic material properties from bubble collapse observations, improving accuracy and uncertainty quantification over previous techniques.

Contribution

It generalizes bubble-dynamic rheometry by incorporating ensemble Kalman methods to account for uncertainties and enhance property estimation accuracy.

Findings

En4D--Var and IEnKS outperform EnKF in estimating material moduli.

Methods applied to experimental data yield consistent property estimates.

Uncertainty quantification reveals potential material damage effects during bubble collapse.

Abstract

Viscoelastic material properties at high strain rates are needed to model many biological and medical systems. Bubble cavitation can induce such strain rates, and the resulting bubble dynamics are sensitive to the material properties. Thus, in principle, these properties can be inferred via measurements of the bubble dynamics. Estrada et al. (2018) demonstrated such bubble-dynamic high-strain-rate rheometry by using least-squares shooting to minimize the difference between simulated and experimental bubble radius histories. We generalize their technique to account for additional uncertainties in the model, initial conditions, and material properties needed to uniquely simulate the bubble dynamics. Ensemble-based data assimilation minimizes the computational expense associated with the bubble cavitation model. We test an ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF), an iterative ensemble Kalman smoother (IEnKS), and a hybrid ensemble-based 4D--Var method (En4D--Var) on synthetic data, assessing their estimations of the viscosity and shear modulus of a Kelvin--Voigt material. Results show that En4D--Var and IEnKS provide better moduli estimates than EnKF. Applying these methods to the experimental data of Estrada et al. (2018) yields similar material property estimates to those they obtained, but provides additional information about uncertainties. In particular, the En4D--Var yields lower viscosity estimates for some experiments, and the dynamic estimators reveal a potential mechanism that is unaccounted for in the model, whereby the viscosity is reduced in some cases due to material damage occurring at bubble collapse.