Co-design and Co-simulation for Engineering Systems: Insights from the Sustainable Infrastructure Planning Game

TL;DR

This paper explores how co-design and co-simulation techniques, exemplified through a sustainability-focused infrastructure planning game, can enhance collaborative engineering solutions for societal challenges.

Contribution

It introduces a co-design artifact utilizing High Level Architecture co-simulation to study stakeholder interactions in sustainable infrastructure planning.

Findings

Co-simulation facilitates better resource flow exchange among actors.

Tensions exist between agriculture and water roles due to water demands.

Data exchange correlates with higher sustainability achievement.

Abstract

This paper draws on perspectives from co-design as an integrative and collaborative design activity and co-simulation as a supporting information system to advance engineering design methods for problems of societal significance. Design and implementation of the Sustainable Infrastructure Planning Game provides a prototypical co-design artifact that leverages the High Level Architecture co-simulation standard. Three role players create a strategic infrastructure plan for agriculture, water, and energy sectors to meet sustainability objectives for a growing and urbaninzing population in a fictional desert nation. An observational study conducts 15 co-design sessions to understand underlying dynamics between actors and how co-simulation capabilities influence design outcomes. Results characterize the dependencies and conflicts between player roles based on technical exchange of resource flows, identifying tension between agriculture and water roles based on water demands for irrigation. Analysis shows a correlation between data exchange, facilitated by synchronous co-simulation, and highly-ranked achievement of joint sustainability outcomes. Conclusions reflect on the opportunities and challenges presented by co-simulation in co-design settings to address engineering systems problems.