Nonuniqueness of nonrunaway solutions of Abraham-Lorentz-Dirac equation in an external laser pulse

TL;DR

This paper investigates the nonuniqueness of solutions to the Abraham-Lorentz-Dirac equation in a nonrelativistic electromagnetic plane wave, showing nonuniqueness occurs at high field intensities and providing an analytic threshold estimate.

Contribution

It extends the understanding of nonuniqueness phenomena to the nonrelativistic approximation of the Abraham-Lorentz-Dirac equation in electromagnetic plane waves, highlighting conditions for nonuniqueness.

Findings

Nonuniqueness occurs at high field intensities for a given wave frequency.

An analytic estimate of the intensity threshold for nonuniqueness is provided.

The phenomenon's applicability to the full relativistic case remains uncertain.

Abstract

In the paper \cite{carati95} it was shown that, for motions on a line under the action of a potential barrier, the third-order Abraham-Lorentz-Dirac equation presents the phenomenon of nonuniqueness of nonrunaway solutions. Namely, at least for a sufficiently steep barrier, the physical solutions of the equation are not determined by the "mechanical state" of position and velocity, and knowledge of the initial acceleration too is required. Due to recent experiments, both in course and planned, on the interactions between strong laser pulses and ultra relativistic electrons, it becomes interesting to establish whether such a nonuniqueness phenomenon extends to the latter case, and for which ranges of the parameters. In the present work we will consider just the simplest model, i.e., the case of an electromagnetic plane wave, and moreover for the Abraham-Lorentz-Dirac equation dealt with in the nonrelativistic approximation. The result we found is that the nonuniqueness phenomenon occurs if, at a given frequency of the incoming wave, the field intensity is sufficiently large. An analytic estimate of such a threshold is also given. At the moment it is unclear whether such a phenomenon applies also in the full relativistic case, which is the one of physical interest.