Low mass strange stars and the compact star 1E1207.4-5209 in the Field Correlator Method

TL;DR

This study explores the existence of anomalous mass defects in low mass strange stars using the Field Correlator Method, applying the model to the compact star 1E1207.4-5209 and deriving astrophysical parameters consistent with QCD predictions.

Contribution

It introduces a nonperturbative equation of state for strange matter and applies it to observational data to estimate key parameters like V_1 and G_2, linking theory with astrophysical observations.

Findings

Estimated central pressure-to-energy ratio ({ ext{P}}/{ ext{E}})_C \, approximately 0.073.

Derived values of V_1 around 0.43-0.44 GeV and G_2 around 0.008-0.0093 GeV^4.

Calculated anomalous mass defects of about 2.56-2.94 x 10^{53} erg.

Abstract

We investigate the possible existence of anomalous mass defects in the low mass region of stellar sequences of strange stars. We employ the nonperturbative equation of state derived in the framework of the Field Correlator Method to describe the hydrostatic equilibrium of the strange matter. The large distance static $Q{\bar Q}$ potential $V_1$ and the gluon condensate $G_2$ are the main parameters of the model. We use the surface gravitational redshift measurements as a probe to determine the ratio $({\cal P}/{\cal E})_C$ at the center of strange stars. For $V_1=0$ and $G_2\gappr0.035\,{\rm GeV}^4$\,, we show that $({\cal P}/{\cal E})_C\simeq0.262$ and the corresponding redshift $z_S\simeq0.47$ are limiting values, at the maximum mass of the highest mass stellar sequence. As a direct application of our study, we try to determine the values of $V_1$ and $G_2$ from astrophysical observations of the compact star 1E\,1207.4-5209. Due to the uncertainties in the surface redshift determination, we made two attempts to obtain the model parameters. Our findings show that $({\cal P}/{\cal E})_C=0.073^{+0.029}_{+0.024}$\, at 68\% confidence, $V_1=0.44\pm0.10$\,GeV at 90\% confidence and $G_2=0.008\pm0.001\,{\rm GeV}^4$ at 95\% confidence \, in the first attempt; and $({\cal P}/{\cal E})_C=0.073^{+0.029}_{+0.024}=0.087\pm0.028$\, at 71\% confidence, $V_1=0.43\pm0.085$\,GeV at 94\% confidence and $G_2=0.0093\pm0.00092\,{\rm GeV}^4$ at 94\% confidence in the second attempt. These values of $V_1$ and $G_2$ are in reasonable agreement with the lattice and QCD sum rules calculations. As a consequence of the high values of $V_1$ and $G_2$, the anomalous mass defects of 1E\,1207.4-5209 are $|\Delta_2M|\simeq2.56\times10^{53}$\,erg\, in the first attempt and $|\Delta_2M|\simeq2.94\times10^{53}$\,erg\, in the second attempt.