Dust-scattering halo and giant hard X-ray flare from the Supergiant Fast X-ray Transient IGR J16479-4514 investigated with XMM-Newton and INTEGRAL

TL;DR

This study analyzes XMM-Newton and INTEGRAL data of IGR J16479-4514, revealing a dust scattering halo during eclipse and documenting a rare giant hard X-ray flare, providing new insights into the source's behavior.

Contribution

The paper presents the first detailed analysis of the dust scattering halo during eclipse and reports a rare giant X-ray flare from IGR J16479-4514, offering new understanding of its emission mechanisms.

Findings

Detection of a dust scattering halo during eclipse.

Observation of a rare, intense giant X-ray flare.

Disentangling of scattering and direct emission components.

Abstract

We report results from the analysis of XMM-Newton and INTEGRAL data of IGR J16479-4514. The unpublished XMM-Newton observation, performed in 2012, occurred during the source eclipse. No point-like X-ray emission was detected from the source, conversely extended X-ray emission was clearly detected up to a size distance compatible with a dust scattering halo produced by the source X-ray emission before being eclipsed by its companion donor star. The diffuse emission of the dust-scattering halo could be observed without any contamination from the central point X-ray source, compared to a previous XMM-Newton observation published in 2008. Our comprehensive analysis of the 2012 unpublished spectrum of the diffuse emission as well as of the 2008 re-analysed spectra extracted from three adjacent time intervals and different extraction regions (optimized for point-like and extended emission) allowed us to clearly disentangle the scattering halo spectrum from the residual point-like emission during the 2008 eclipse. Moreover, the point-like emission detected in 2008 could be separated into two components attributed to the direct emission from the source and to scattering in the stellar wind, respectively. From archival unpublished INTEGRAL data, we identified a very strong (3$\times$10$^{-8}$ erg cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$) and fast (25 minutes duration) flare which was classified as giant hard X-ray flare since the measured peak-luminosity is 7$\times$10$^{37}$ erg s$^{-1}$. Giant X-ray flares from SFXTs are very rare, to date only one has been reported from a different source. We propose a physical scenario to explain the origin in the case of IGR J16479-4514.