Complete complementarity relations and its Lorentz invariance

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that the combined measures of entanglement, predictability, and coherence form a Lorentz-invariant relation, providing a unified view of quantum complementarity across different inertial frames.

Contribution

It introduces the concept of complete complementarity relations (CCR) that remain invariant under Lorentz transformations, linking quantum measures across different frames.

Findings

CCR are Lorentz invariant

Quantum measures transform consistently under boosts

Relativistic scenarios clarify quantum exchange processes

Abstract

It is well known that entanglement under Lorentz boosts is highly dependent on the boost scenario in question. For single particle states, a spin-momentum product state can be transformed into an entangled state. However, entanglement is just one of the aspects that completely characterizes a quantum system. The other two are known as the wave-particle duality. Although the entanglement entropy does not remain invariant under Lorentz boosts, and neither do the measures of predictability and coherence, we show here that these three measures taken together, in a complete complementarity relation (CCR), are Lorentz invariant. Peres et al., in [Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 230402 (2002)], realized that even though it is possible to formally define spin in any Lorentz frame, there is no relationship between the observable expectation values in different Lorentz frames. Analogously, even though it is possible to formally define complementarity in any Lorentz frame, in principle, there's no relationship between the complementarity relations of different Lorentz frames. However, our result shows that it's possible to connect complete complementarity relations in different Lorentz frames. In addition, we explore relativistic scenarios for single and two particle states, which helps in understanding the exchange of different aspects of a quantum system under Lorentz boosts.