Potential gravitational-wave signatures of quantum gravity

TL;DR

Gravitational-wave observations could reveal quantum properties of black holes, such as area quantization, especially when considering black hole rotation, with detectable signatures like echoes and suppressed tidal heating in future detectors.

Contribution

This work demonstrates how black hole area discretization impacts gravitational-wave signals and enhances the potential to detect quantum gravity effects through astrophysical observations.

Findings

Black hole area quantization affects gravitational-wave signals.

Black hole rotation improves detection prospects of quantum effects.

Future detectors can measure quantum of black hole area.

Abstract

We show that gravitational-wave astronomy has the potential to inform us on quantum aspects of black holes. Based on Bekenstein's quantization, we find that black hole area discretization could impart observable imprints to the gravitational-wave signal from a pair of merging black holes, affecting their absorption properties during inspiral and their late-time relaxation after merger. In contrast with previous results, we find that black hole rotation, ubiquitous in astrophysics, improves our ability to probe quantum effects. Our analysis shows that gravitational-wave echoes and suppressed tidal heating are signs of new physics from which the fundamental quantum of black hole area can be measured, and which are within reach of future detectors. Our results also highlight the need to derive predictions from specific quantum gravity proposals.