Dynamical properties of feedback signalling in B lymphopoiesis: A mathematical modelling approach

TL;DR

This paper develops and analyzes mathematical models of B lymphopoiesis, focusing on feedback regulation mechanisms, to understand cell reconstitution dynamics and potential implications for blood disorders.

Contribution

It introduces a new structured mathematical model of B-cell development incorporating feedback regulation, validated with pediatric bone marrow data.

Findings

Feedback regulation models are biologically plausible for B-cell reconstitution.

Steady states and stability conditions reveal key parameter regions affecting cell dynamics.

Numerical simulations highlight the impact of proliferation and maturation rates.

Abstract

Haematopoiesis is the process of generation of blood cells. Lymphopoiesis generates lymphocytes, the cells in charge of the adaptive immune response. Disruptions of this process are associated with diseases like leukaemia, which is especially incident in children. The characteristics of self-regulation of this process make them suitable for a mathematical study. In this paper we develop mathematical models of lymphopoiesis using currently available data. We do this by drawing inspiration from existing structured models of cell lineage development and integrating them with paediatric bone marrow data, with special focus on regulatory mechanisms. A formal analysis of the models is carried out, giving steady states and their stability conditions. We use this analysis to obtain biologically relevant regions of the parameter space and to understand the dynamical behaviour of B-cell renovation. Finally, we use numerical simulations to obtain further insight into the influence of proliferation and maturation rates on the reconstitution of the cells in the B line. We conclude that a model including feedback regulation of cell proliferation represents a biologically plausible depiction for B-cell reconstitution in bone marrow. Research into haematological disorders could benefit from a precise dynamical description of B lymphopoiesis.