Hyper Resolution Two Photon Direct Laser Writing using ENZ Nano-Cavity

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel two-photon laser writing technique using ENZ metamaterials to achieve ultra-high resolution nanostructures, significantly reducing feature size and enabling detailed 3D fabrication for advanced photonics applications.

Contribution

It presents a new method leveraging ENZ metamaterials for hyper resolution two-photon laser writing, achieving unprecedented miniaturization and detailed 3D nanostructures.

Findings

Achieved 89% size reduction in height and 50% in width of nanostructures.

Successfully fabricated a detailed 3D bas-relief of Da Vinci's 'Lady with an Ermine'.

Demonstrated potential applications in anti-counterfeiting, flat optics, and photonics.

Abstract

A novel technique is reported to improve the resolution of two-photon direct laser writing lithography. Thanks to the high collimation enabled by extraordinary $\varepsilon_{NZ}$ (near-zero) metamaterial features, ultra-thin dielectric hyper resolute nanostructures are within reach. With respect to the standard direct laser writing approach, a size reduction of $89\%$ and $50\%$ , in height and width respectively, is achieved with the height of the structures adjustable between 5nm and 50nm. The retrieved 2D fabrication parameters are exploited for fabricating hyper resolute 3D structures. In particular, a highly detailed dielectric bas-relief (500 nm of full height) of Da Vinci's \textit{"Lady with an Ermine"} has been realized. The proof-of-concept result shows intriguing cues for the current and trendsetting research scenario in anti-counterfeiting applications, flat optics and photonics.