Analysis of solar wind energy and the Akasofu parameter for energy dynamics assessment during Supersubstorm

TL;DR

This paper investigates the energy dynamics during supersubstorms, analyzing solar wind energy, the Akasofu parameter, and their relationships with geomagnetic indices to better understand geomagnetic disturbances.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed analysis of energy components during supersubstorms and their correlation with geomagnetic indices and interplanetary magnetic field components.

Findings

Higher energy levels observed during supersubstorms

Negative correlation between solar wind energy and Akasofu parameter

Distinct energy ratios identified for different supersubstorm events

Abstract

Solar activities have significant impact on the member of the solar systems including earth. As earth is a planet with its own magnetic field, solar emissions with magnetic fields do interact with the earth's own magnetic field to create geo-magnetic disturbances. Substorms are geo-magnetic disturbances of shorter duration (few hours or less) which are mainly concentrated in the auroral region and originates due to the ionospheric current injection at high latitudes. Supersubstorm are intense substorms as identified by peak activities in geo-magnetic indices. In this thesis, we have investigated the energy dynamics during the supersubstorm and analyzed the relation of the energy components with different geo-magnetic indices and interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) components. In particular, the solar wind energy levels and the energy coupled into the magnetosphere as captured by the Akasofu parameter are studied. A qualitative analysis of the computed energy and its relationship with different geo-magnetic indices is presented. Correlation and cross-correlation analysis have been used to get insights into the nature of the relationship between the energy components and indices. This for example uncovered the negative relationship between the solar wind energy and the Akasofu parameter. A summary analysis of the supersubstorm event in comparison with the quiet phases are made. This has led to insights for example showing the higher energy levels during supersubstorm and different energy ratios (Akasofu parameter divided by the solar wind energy) existing for different supersubstorm.