Bose-Einstein condensates in rotating ring-shaped lattices: a multimode model

TL;DR

This paper introduces a multimode model for rotating Bose-Einstein condensates in ring-shaped lattices, accurately capturing dynamics and phase relations, validated by full 3D Gross-Pitaevskii simulations.

Contribution

The paper develops a new multimode model for rotating BECs in ring lattices, linking model parameters to rotation frequency and phase relations, validated against detailed simulations.

Findings

Model parameters derived from 3D simulations.

Analytical relation between hopping phase and angular momentum.

Perfect agreement between model and Gross-Pitaevskii simulations.

Abstract

We develop a multimode model that describes the dynamics on a rotating Bose-Einstein condensate confined by a ring-shaped optical lattice with large filling numbers. The parameters of the model are obtained as a function of the rotation frequency using full 3D Gross-Pitaevskii simulations. From such numerical calculations, we extract the velocity field induced at each site and analyze the relation and the differences between the phase of the hopping parameter of our model and the Peierls phase. To this end, a detailed discussion of such phases is presented in geometrical terms which takes into account the position of the junctions for different configurations. For circularly symmetric onsite densities a simple analytical relation between the hopping phase and the angular momentum is found for arbitrary number of sites. Finally, we confront the results of the rotating multimode model dynamics with Gross-Pitaevskii simulations finding a perfect agreement.