Sticky or not sticky? Measurements of the tensile strength of micro-granular organic materials

TL;DR

This study measures the tensile strength of five micro-granular organic materials relevant to space and planetary formation, revealing a wide range of strengths and challenging assumptions about their stickiness compared to silicates and ice.

Contribution

It provides new tensile strength data for organic materials using the Brazilian Disc Test, normalizing results for grain size and volume filling, and compares their stickiness to other space materials.

Findings

Tensile strength varies over four orders of magnitude among the materials.

Graphite and paraffin have higher tensile strengths than silica.

Organic materials are not necessarily stickier than silicates or water ice.

Abstract

Knowledge of the mechanical properties of protoplanetary and cometary matter is of key importance to better understand the activity of comets and the early stages of planet formation. The tensile strength determines the required pressure to lift off grains, pebbles and agglomerates from the cometary surface and also describes how much strain a macroscopic body can withstand before material failure occurs. As organic materials are ubiquitous in space, they could have played an important role during the planet formation process. This work provides new data on the tensile strength of five different micro-granular organic materials, namely, humic acid, paraffin, brown coal, charcoal and graphite. These materials are investigated by the so-called Brazilian Disc Test and the resulting tensile strength values are normalised to a standard grain size and volume filling factor. We find that the tensile strength of these materials ranges over four orders of magnitude. Graphite and paraffin possess tensile strengths much higher than silica, whereas coals have very low tensile strength values. This work demonstrates that organic materials are not generally stickier than silicates, or water ice, as often believed.