Global Analysis of the TRAPPIST Ultra-Cool Dwarf Transit Survey
F. Lienhard, D. Queloz, M. Gillon, A. Burdanov, L. Delrez, E. Ducrot,, W. Handley, E. Jehin, C. A. Murray, A. H. M. J. Triaud, E. Gillen, A., Mortier, B. V. Rackham

TL;DR
This study reanalyzed data from the TRAPPIST survey to estimate the occurrence rate of close-in Earth-sized planets around ultra-cool dwarfs, demonstrating the pipeline's effectiveness in detecting such planets and suggesting a minimum 10% occurrence rate.
Contribution
It presents a fully automated pipeline for analyzing ultra-cool dwarf transit data and provides the first estimate of planet occurrence rates from the TRAPPIST survey.
Findings
Successfully detected TRAPPIST-1b and c transits without human intervention.
Achieved photometric precision sufficient to identify Earth-sized planets.
Estimated a minimum 10% occurrence rate of similar planets around ultra-cool dwarfs.
Abstract
We conducted a global analysis of the TRAPPIST Ultra-Cool Dwarf Transit Survey - a prototype of the SPECULOOS transit search conducted with the TRAPPIST-South robotic telescope in Chile from 2011 to 2017 - to estimate the occurrence rate of close-in planets such as TRAPPIST-1b orbiting ultra-cool dwarfs. For this purpose, the photometric data of 40 nearby ultra-cool dwarfs were reanalysed in a self-consistent and fully automated manner starting from the raw images. The pipeline developed specifically for this task generates differential light curves, removes non-planetary photometric features and stellar variability, and searches for transits. It identifies the transits of TRAPPIST-1b and TRAPPIST-1c without any human intervention. To test the pipeline and the potential output of similar surveys, we injected planetary transits into the light curves on a star-by-star basis and tested…
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