Dominant fifth-order correlations in doped quantum anti-ferromagnets

TL;DR

This paper uncovers dominant fifth-order correlations in doped quantum anti-ferromagnets, highlighting their importance in understanding many-body quantum systems and proposing experimental tests in ultracold atom setups.

Contribution

It demonstrates the presence of strong non-Gaussian fifth-order correlations in doped anti-ferromagnets and relates them to dopant mobility, contrasting with models predicting reduced higher-order correlations.

Findings

Fifth-order correlations dominate over lower-order terms.

Correlations are directly related to dopant mobility.

Predictions are testable in current quantum simulators.

Abstract

Traditionally one and two-point correlation functions are used to characterize many-body systems. In strongly correlated quantum materials, such as the doped 2D Fermi-Hubbard system, these may no longer be sufficient because higher-order correlations are crucial to understanding the character of the many-body system and can be numerically dominant. Experimentally, such higher-order correlations have recently become accessible in ultracold atom systems. Here we reveal strong non-Gaussian correlations in doped quantum anti-ferromagnets and show that higher order correlations dominate over lower-order terms. We study a single mobile hole in the $t-J$ model using DMRG, and reveal genuine fifth-order correlations which are directly related to the mobility of the dopant. We contrast our results to predictions using models based on doped quantum spin liquids which feature significantly reduced higher-order correlations. Our predictions can be tested at the lowest currently accessible temperatures in quantum simulators of the 2D Fermi-Hubbard model. Finally, we propose to experimentally study the same fifth-order spin-charge correlations as a function of doping. This will help to reveal the microscopic nature of charge carriers in the most debated regime of the Hubbard model, relevant for understanding high-$T_c$ superconductivity.