High refractive index and extreme biaxial optical anisotropy of rhenium diselenide for applications in all-dielectric nanophotonics

TL;DR

This paper introduces a simple criterion based on band structure for identifying high-refractive-index dielectric materials, exemplified by rhenium diselenide, which exhibits an index greater than 5 with low optical losses, advancing nanophotonics applications.

Contribution

It proposes a new quantitative criterion for high refractive index materials and demonstrates its application to rhenium diselenide through ab-initio calculations.

Findings

Refractive index > 5 around 1 eV predicted for rhenium diselenide

High index achieved with low optical losses due to flat bands

New criterion aids in discovering high-index dielectric materials

Abstract

We establish simple quantitative criterium for the search of new dielectric materials with high values of the refractive index in the visible range. It is demonstrated, that for light frequencies below the band gap the latter is determined by the dimensionless parameter $\eta$ calculated as the ratio of the sum of the widths of conduction and valence bands and the band gap. Small values of this parameter, which can be achieved in materials with almost flat bands, lead to dramatic increase of the refractive index. We illustrate this rule with a particular example of rhenium dichalcogenides, for which we perform ab-initio calculations of the band structure and optical susceptibility and predict the values of the refractive index > 5 in a wide frequency range around 1 eV together with compratively low losses. Our findings open new perspectives in the search for the new high-index/low loss materials for all-dielectric nanophotonics.