Error Estimation and Correction from within Neural Network Differential Equation Solvers

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel method for neural network differential equation solvers that enables explicit error estimation and correction without prior knowledge of the true solution, improving validation and accuracy.

Contribution

It presents a general strategy to construct error estimates and corrections directly from loss functions, bypassing the need for true solutions.

Findings

Provides explicit error estimates from loss functions

Enables correction of solution errors without true solutions

Improves validation process for NN DE solvers

Abstract

Neural Network Differential Equation (NN DE) solvers have surged in popularity due to a combination of factors: computational advances making their optimization more tractable, their capacity to handle high dimensional problems, easy interpret-ability of their models, etc. However, almost all NN DE solvers suffer from a fundamental limitation: they are trained using loss functions that depend only implicitly on the error associated with the estimate. As such, validation and error analysis of solution estimates requires knowledge of the true solution. Indeed, if the true solution is unknown, we are often reduced to simply hoping that a "low enough" loss implies "small enough" errors, since explicit relationships between the two are not available/well defined. In this work, we describe a general strategy for efficiently constructing error estimates and corrections for Neural Network Differential Equation solvers. Our methods do not require advance knowledge of the true solutions and obtain explicit relationships between loss functions and the error associated with solution estimates. In turn, these explicit relationships directly allow us to estimate and correct for the errors.