A two-qubit engine fueled by entangling operations and local measurements

TL;DR

This paper presents a novel two-qubit quantum engine powered by entangling operations and local measurements, demonstrating energy transfer and up-conversion in a multi-qubit chain with implications for quantum thermodynamics.

Contribution

It introduces a new quantum engine model utilizing entangling operations and measurements, extending to N-qubit chains with deterministic energy up-conversion capabilities.

Findings

Energy can be coherently exchanged between detuned qubits.

Successive neighbor swaps and measurements enable energy up-conversion.

Measurement fuel is linked to the energetic cost of erasing correlations.

Abstract

We introduce a two-qubit engine that is powered by entangling operations and projective local quantum measurements. Energy is extracted from the detuned qubits coherently exchanging a single excitation. This engine, which uses the information and back-action of the measurement, is generalized to an N-qubit chain. We show that by gradually increasing the energy splitting along the chain, the initial low energy of the first qubit can be up-converted deterministically to an arbitrarily high energy at the last qubit by successive neighbor swap operations and local measurements. Modeling the local measurement as the entanglement of a qubit with a meter, we identify the measurement fuel as the energetic cost to erase correlations between the qubits.