Hunting Co-operation in the Middle Predator in Three Species Food Chain Model

TL;DR

This paper introduces a three-species food chain model incorporating hunting cooperation among the middle predator, analyzing its impact on species populations and stability through theoretical and numerical methods.

Contribution

It presents a novel three-species food chain model with hunting cooperation, extending previous two-species models to explore complex predator-prey dynamics.

Findings

Hunting cooperation influences predator and prey populations significantly.

The model's stability conditions are derived analytically.

Numerical analysis shows long-term behavior varies with cooperation levels.

Abstract

We proposed a three-species food chain model with hunting co-operation among the middle predator. In this model, third species prey on the middle species and the middle prey on the first species. The hunting cooperation among the middle predator affects interestingly on the numbers of both the predators and the prey. We examined the linear stability of the model theoretically and numerically. We conducted the two-parameter numerical analysis to check the long-term behavior and the change in the number of species with respect to hunting co-operation. Our findings supported the postulates from the two species food chain model with hunting co-operation.