Ellipticity of photon emission from strongly magnetized hot QCD plasma

TL;DR

This paper investigates how strong magnetic fields influence the angular distribution and ellipticity of direct photon emission from hot QCD plasma, highlighting the role of Landau level quantization in these processes.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed analysis of photon emission considering Landau level transitions, revealing the magnetic field's impact on photon ellipticity and angular dependence in quark-gluon plasma.

Findings

Photon emission is dominated by splitting processes at high temperatures and strong magnetic fields.

Landau level quantization significantly affects the energy and angular distribution of emitted photons.

The photon ellipticity coefficient $v_2$ varies with transverse momentum, showing a crossover around $k_T \\simeq \\sqrt{|eB|}$.

Abstract

By making use of an explicit representation for the imaginary part of the photon polarization tensor in terms of transitions between the Landau levels of light quarks, we study the angular dependence of direct photon emission from a strongly magnetized quark-gluon plasma. Because of the magnetic field, the leading order photon rate comes from the three processes of the zeroth order in the coupling constant $\alpha_s$: (i) the quark splitting ($q\rightarrow q+\gamma $), (ii) the antiquark splitting ($\bar{q} \rightarrow \bar{q}+\gamma $), and (iii) the quark-antiquark annihilation ($q + \bar{q}\rightarrow \gamma$). In a wide range of moderately high temperatures, $T\gtrsim m_\pi$, and strong magnetic fields, $|eB|\gtrsim m_\pi^2$, the direct photon production is dominated by the two splitting processes. We show that the Landau-level quantization of quark states plays an important role in the energy and angular dependence of the photon emission. Among other things, it leads to a nontrivial momentum dependence of the photon ellipticity coefficient $v_2$, which takes negative values at small transverse momenta and positive values at large transverse momenta. The crossover between the two regimes occurs around $k_T\simeq \sqrt{|eB|}$. In application to heavy-ion collisions, this suggests that a large value of $v_2$ for the direct photons could be explained in part by the magnetic field in the quark-gluon plasma.