NGC 4104: a shell galaxy in a forming fossil group
G. B. Lima Neto, F. Durret, T. F. Lagan\'a, R. E. G. Machado, N., Martinet, J.-C. Cuillandre, C. Adami
TL;DR
This study investigates NGC 4104, revealing it as a shell galaxy within a forming fossil group, using optical and X-ray data, and simulations to understand its evolutionary stage in the cosmological context.
Contribution
The paper combines deep optical imaging, X-ray analysis, and N-body simulations to identify NGC 4104 as a shell galaxy in a forming fossil group, providing insights into galaxy group evolution.
Findings
NGC 4104 exhibits a stellar shell system.
The extended stellar envelope was formed 4-6 Gyr ago.
MKW 4s qualifies as a fossil group based on optical and X-ray data.
Abstract
Groups are the most common association of galaxies in the Universe, found in different configuration states such as loose, compact and fossil groups. We have studied the galaxy group MKW 4s, dominated by the giant early-type galaxy NGC 4104 at z=0.0282. Our aim was to understand the evolutionary stage of this group and to place it within the framework of the standard LambdaCDM cosmological scenario. We have obtained deep optical data with CFHT/Megacam (g and r bands) and we have applied both the galfit 2D image fitting program and the IRAF/ellipse 1D radial method to model the brightest group galaxy (BGG) and its extended stellar envelope. We have also analysed publicly available XMM-Newton and Chandra X-ray data. From N-body simulations of dry-mergers with different mass ratios of the infalling galaxy, we could constrain the dynamical stage of this system. Our results show a stellar…
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