Loop-induced $ZZ$ production at the LHC: an improved description by matrix-element matching

TL;DR

This paper introduces a fully exclusive simulation for loop-induced $ZZ$ production at the LHC, matching matrix elements with parton showers, leading to more accurate jet modeling and significant implications for vector boson scattering analyses.

Contribution

It presents the first fully exclusive simulation of loop-induced $ZZ$ production with matrix-element matching to parton showers, improving the accuracy of jet descriptions at the LHC.

Findings

Matched simulation provides a state-of-the-art description of final state jets.

Event yields in VBS $ZZjj$ are reduced by about 40% compared to previous models.

Highlights the importance of using improved jet modeling in experimental analyses.

Abstract

Loop-induced $ZZ$ production can be enhanced by the large gluon flux at the LHC, and thus should be taken into account in relevant experimental analyses. We present for the first time the results of a fully exclusive simulation based on the matrix elements for loop-induced $ZZ + 0,1,2$-parton processes at leading order, matched to parton showers. The new description is studied and validated by comparing it with well-established simulation with jets from parton showers. We find that the matched simulation provides a state-of-the-art description of the final state jets. We also briefly discuss the physics impact on vector boson scattering (VBS) measurements at the LHC, where event yields are found to be smaller by about 40% in a VBS $ZZjj$ baseline search region, compared to previous simulations. We hence advocate relevant analyses to employ a more accurate jet description for the modeling of the loop-induced process.