When Distributed Formation Control Is Feasible under Hard Constraints on Energy and Time?

TL;DR

This paper presents a globally optimal distributed formation control law considering strict energy and time constraints, revealing fundamental limitations and bounds for successful formation tasks.

Contribution

It introduces a novel optimal control law and analyzes inherent limitations imposed by energy, time, and network topology in formation control.

Findings

Derived lower bounds on energy and time for formation success.

Showed the impact of network topology on control feasibility.

Provided a simulation validating theoretical results.

Abstract

This paper studies distributed optimal formation control with hard constraints on energy levels and termination time, in which the formation error is to be minimized jointly with the energy cost. The main contributions include a globally optimal distributed formation control law and a comprehensive analysis of the resulting closed-loop system under those hard constraints. It is revealed that the energy levels, the task termination time, the steady-state error tolerance, as well as the network topology impose inherent limitations in achieving the formation control mission. Most notably, the lower bounds on the achievable termination time and the required minimum energy levels are derived, which are given in terms of the initial formation error, the steady-state error tolerance, and the largest eigenvalue of the Laplacian matrix. These lower bounds can be employed to assert whether an energy and time constrained formation task is achievable and how to accomplish such a task. Furthermore, the monotonicity of those lower bounds in relation to the control parameters is revealed. A simulation example is finally given to illustrate the obtained results.