Solar axions cannot explain the XENON1T excess

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that solar axions cannot account for the XENON1T excess due to conflicts with astrophysical observations, especially stellar evolution data, making the axion explanation unlikely.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive astrophysical analysis showing that solar axions are incompatible with multiple stellar evolution constraints, challenging previous interpretations of the XENON1T excess.

Findings

Solar axion emission would alter stellar evolution observables.

Discrepancies range from 3.3σ to over 19σ in key astrophysical measurements.

Astrophysical data strongly disfavor the solar axion explanation for the XENON1T excess.

Abstract

We argue that the interpretation in terms of solar axions of the recent XENON1T excess is not tenable when confronted with astrophysical observations of stellar evolution. We discuss the reasons why the emission of a flux of solar axions sufficiently intense to explain the anomalous data would radically alter the distribution of certain type of stars in the color-magnitude diagram in first place, and would also clash with a certain number of other astrophysical observables. Quantitatively, the significance of the discrepancy ranges from $3.3\sigma$ for the rate of period change of pulsating White Dwarfs, and exceedes $19\sigma$ for the $R$-parameter and for $M_{I,{\rm TRGB}}$.