Spin Hall effect in heavy ion collisions

TL;DR

This paper explores the possibility of detecting the spin Hall effect in heavy-ion collisions by measuring directed spin flow of hyperons, using theoretical calculations and phenomenological models to estimate the effect's magnitude.

Contribution

It proposes a novel experimental observable, 'directed spin flow', to detect spin Hall currents in nuclear matter created in heavy-ion collisions.

Findings

Directed spin flow ranges from 10^{-4} to 10^{-3} at studied energies.

The effect is highly sensitive to rapidity.

Theoretical estimates are based on thermal field theory and phenomenological models.

Abstract

Spin Hall effect (SHE) is the generation of spin current due to an electric field, and has been observed in a variety of materials. The analogous spin Hall current can be induced by chemical potential and temperature gradient, both of which are present in hot and dense nuclear matter created in heavy-ion collisions. In this letter, we investigate the perspective of detecting spin Hall current experimentally. We propose to measure "directed spin flow", the first Fourier coefficients of local spin polarization of $\Lambda$ ($\bar{\Lambda}$) hyperon, at central collisions to probe spin Hall current. To quantify induced spin current, we evaluate relevant transport coefficients using thermal field theory. We benchmark the magnitude of the induced "directed spin flow" at two representatively collisions energies, namely $\sqrt{s}_{NN}=200~{\rm GeV}$ and $\sqrt{s}_{NN}=19.6~{\rm GeV}$, by employing a phenomenologically motivated freeze-out prescription. At both beam energies, the resulting "directed spin flow" ranges from $10^{-4}$ to $10^{-3}$, and is very sensitive to the rapidity.