Fully-heavy tetraquark states and their evidences in the LHC observations

TL;DR

This paper analyzes fully-heavy tetraquark states using a nonrelativistic quark model, explaining observed structures at LHC and predicting new states, thereby advancing understanding of exotic hadrons.

Contribution

It provides a combined analysis of mass spectra and decay modes of $ccar{c}ar{c}$ states, explaining LHC observations and predicting $bbar{b}ar{b}$ states.

Findings

The $X(6600)$ can be explained by the $1S$-wave state $T_{(4c)0^{++}}(6550).

The $X(6900)$ is explained by the $2S$-wave state $T_{(4c)0^{++}}(6957).

Feed-down effects from higher states may account for observed structures.

Abstract

Stimulated by the exciting progress on the observations of the fully-charmed tetraquarks at LHC, we carry out a combined analysis of the mass spectra and fall-apart decays of the $1S$-, $2S$-, and $1P$-wave $cc\bar{c}\bar{c}$ states in a nonrelativistic quark model (NRQM). It is found that the $X(6600)$ structure observed in the di-$J/\psi$ invariant mass spectrum can be explained by the $1S$-wave state $T_{(4c)0^{++}}(6550)$. This structure may also bear some feed-down effects from the higher $2S$ and/or $1P$ tetraquark states. The $X(6900)$ structure observed in both the di-$J/\psi$ and $J/\psi \psi(2S)$ channels can be naturally explained by the $2S$-wave state $T_{(4c)0^{++}}(6957)$. The small shoulder structure around $6.2-6.4$ GeV observed at CMS and ATLAS may be due to the feed-down effects from some $1P$-wave states with $C=-1$ and/or some $2S$-wave states with $J^{PC}=0^{++}$. Other decay channels are implied in such a scenario and they can be investigated by future experimental analyses. Considering the large discovery potential at LHC, we also present predictions for the $bb\bar{b}\bar{b}$ states which can be searched for in the future.