Self-interacting multistate boson stars

TL;DR

This paper investigates rotating multistate boson stars with self-interactions, revealing new node structures, mass-frequency relations, and phase coexistence, expanding understanding of their properties and parameter ranges.

Contribution

It introduces self-interacting multistate boson stars with multiple node types and analyzes their mass, angular momentum, and phase coexistence, highlighting finite coupling parameter ranges.

Findings

Mass varies with synchronized and nonsynchronized frequencies.

Existence of two node types: $^1S^2S$ and $^1S^2P$.

Finite range of the coupling parameter $\Lambda$.

Abstract

In this paper, we consider rotating multistate boson stars with quartic self-interactions. In contrast to the nodeless quartic-boson stars in \cite{Herdeiro:2015tia}, the self-interacting multistate boson stars (SIMBSs) have two types of nodes, including the $^1S^2S$ and $^1S^2P$ states. We show the mass $M$ of SIMBSs as a function of the synchronized frequency $\omega$, and the nonsynchronized frequency $\omega_2$ for three different cases. Moreover, for the case of two coexisting states with self-interacting potential, we study the mass $M$ of SIMBSs versus the angular momentum $J$ for the synchronized frequency $\omega$ and the nonsynchronized frequency $\omega_2$. Furthermore, for three different cases, we analyze the coexisting phase with both the ground and first excited states for SIMBSs. We also calculate the maximum value of coupling parameter $\Lambda$, and find the coupling parameter $\Lambda$ exists the finite range.