A flexible spiraling-metasurface as a versatile haptic interface

TL;DR

This paper introduces a flexible metasurface that acts as a versatile haptic interface, capable of generating complex tactile sensations across a wide frequency range, enhancing virtual reality, wearables, and prosthetic devices.

Contribution

It presents a novel, programmable, flexible metasurface design that can produce complex tactile patterns on skin, overcoming limitations of existing haptic feedback systems.

Findings

Able to produce complex tactile patterns on human skin

Transforms multi-frequency signals into diverse tactile sensations

Validated by user studies demonstrating effectiveness

Abstract

Haptic feedback is the most significant sensory interface following visual cues. Developing thin, flexible surfaces that function as haptic interfaces is important for augmenting virtual reality, wearable devices, robotics and prostheses. For example, adding a haptic feedback interface to prosthesis could improve their acceptance among amputees. State of the art programmable interfaces targeting the skin feel-of-touch through mechano-receptors are limited by inadequate sensory feedback, cumbersome mechanisms or narrow frequency of operation. Here, we present a flexible metasurface as a generic haptic interface capable of producing complex tactile patterns on the human skin at wide range of frequencies. The metasurface is composed of multiple "pixels" that can locally amplify both input displacements and forces. Each of these pixels encodes various deformation patterns capable of producing different sensations on contact. The metasurface can transform a harmonic signal containing multiple frequencies into a complex preprogrammed tactile pattern. Our findings, corroborated by user studies conducted on human candidates, can open new avenues for wearable and robotic interfaces.