On a subdiffusive tumour growth model with fractional time derivative

TL;DR

This paper introduces a mathematical model for tumour growth incorporating subdiffusion via fractional derivatives, analyzes its solutions, and demonstrates the impact of fractional parameters through numerical simulations.

Contribution

It develops a coupled PDE system with fractional time derivatives for tumour growth, proving existence and uniqueness of solutions, and explores numerical effects of fractional parameters.

Findings

Fractional derivatives significantly influence tumour growth dynamics.

Existence and uniqueness of solutions are established for the model.

Numerical examples illustrate the impact of fractional parameters.

Abstract

In this work, we present and analyse a system of coupled partial differential equations, which models tumour growth under the influence of subdiffusion, mechanical effects, nutrient supply, and chemotherapy. The subdiffusion of the system is modelled by a time fractional derivative in the equation governing the volume fraction of the tumour cells. The mass densities of the nutrients and the chemotherapeutic agents are modelled by reaction diffusion equations. We prove the existence and uniqueness of a weak solution to the model via the Faedo--Galerkin method and the application of appropriate compactness theorems. Lastly, we propose a fully discretised system and illustrate the effects of the fractional derivative and the influence of the fractional parameter in numerical examples.