Measuring the Field Quality in Accelerator Magnets with the Oscillating-Wire Method -- a Case Study for Solving Partial Differential Equations

TL;DR

This paper discusses using the oscillating-wire method to measure magnetic field quality in accelerator magnets, illustrating how boundary value problems and partial differential equations are solved in this context.

Contribution

It introduces a novel application of the oscillating-wire technique for boundary value problems, linking magnetic field measurements to PDE solutions in accelerator magnet analysis.

Findings

The method effectively measures multipole field errors.

It demonstrates the connection between wire oscillations and boundary value problems.

The technique's uncertainties are characterized through metrological analysis.

Abstract

The single stretched-wire method is commonly used to measure the magnetic field strength and magnetic axis in an accelerator magnet. The integrated voltage at the connection terminals of the wire is a measure for the flux linked with the surface traced out by the displaced wire. The stretched wire can also be excited with an alternating current well below the resonance frequency. It is thus possible to measure multipole field errors by making use of the linear relationship between the wire-oscillation amplitude, integrated field, and current amplitude. This technique is a good example for solving partial differential equations, or more precisely, boundary value problems in one and two dimensions. In particular, the field in the aperture of accelerator magnets is governed by the Laplace equation, which leads to a boundary-value problem that is solved by determining the coefficients in the series of eigenfunctions from measurements of the field components or wire-oscillation amplitudes on the domain boundary. The oscillation of the taut string is an example of a one-dimensional, in-homogenous wave equation. The metrological characterization of the oscillating-wire system yield the feedback on the uncertainties (and limitations) of the method, as only the linearized equations of the wire motion and the integrated field harmonics of the magnet are considered.