Exact relations between Rayleigh-B\'enard and rotating plane Couette flow in 2D

TL;DR

This paper establishes exact mathematical relations between Rayleigh-Bénard convection and rotating plane Couette flow in two dimensions, revealing insights into their transport properties and symmetries without approximations.

Contribution

It derives exact relations linking RBC and RPC flows in 2D, providing new insights into their transport mechanisms and symmetry properties.

Findings

Reynolds and Rayleigh numbers are related by Ra=Re^2 R_Ω (1-R_Ω)

Maximum angular momentum transport occurs at a specific R_Ω value matching simulations

Backflow events are impossible in this 2D setting due to maximum principles

Abstract

Rayleigh-B\'enard convection (RBC) and Taylor-Couette Flow (TCF) are two paradigmatic fluid dynamical systems frequently discussed together because of their many similarities despite their different geometries and forcing. Often these analogies require approximations, but in the limit of large radii where TCF becomes rotating plane Couette flow (RPC) exact relations can be established. When the flows are restricted to two spatial degrees of freedom there is an exact specification that maps the three velocity components in RPC to the two velocity components and one temperature field in RBC. Using this, we deduce several relations between both flows: (i) The Rayleigh number $Ra$ in convection and the Reynolds $Re$ and rotation $R_\Omega$ number in RPC flow are related by $Ra= Re^2 R_\Omega (1-R_\Omega)$. (ii) Heat and angular momentum transport differ by $(1-R_\Omega)$, explaining why angular momentum transport is not symmetric around $R_\Omega=1/2$ even though the relation between $Ra$ and $R_\Omega$ has this symmetry. This relationship leads to a predicted value of $R_\Omega$ that maximizes the angular momentum transport that agrees remarkably well with existing numerical simulations of the full 3D system. (iii) One variable in both flows satisfy a maximum principle i.e., the fields' extrema occur at the walls. Accordingly, backflow events in shear flow \emph{cannot} occur in this two-dimensional setting. (iv) For free slip boundary conditions on the axial and radial velocity components, previous rigorous analysis for RBC implies that the azimuthal momentum transport in RPC is bounded from above by $Re^{5/6}$ with a scaling exponent smaller than the anticipated $Re^1$.