Multi-branched resonances, chaos through quasiperiodicity, and asymmetric states in a superconducting dimer

TL;DR

This paper investigates the complex dynamical behaviors of a superconducting SQUID dimer, revealing multibranched resonances, chaos through quasiperiodicity, and asymmetric states, with detailed bifurcation and Lyapunov analyses.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive numerical analysis of the SQUID dimer's bifurcation structure, chaos transition, and asymmetric states, highlighting the connection between torus bifurcations and chaos.

Findings

Hysteretic resonance with bifurcation bubbles

Chaos via quasiperiodicity-to-chaos transition

Detection of asymmetric localized states

Abstract

A system of two identical SQUIDs (superconducting quantum interference devices) symmetrically coupled through their mutual inductance and driven by a sinusoidal field is investigated numerically with respect to dynamical properties such as its multibranched resonance curve, its bifurcation structure, as well as its synchronization behavior. The SQUID dimer is found to exhibit a hysteretic resonance curve with a bubble connected to it through Neimark-Sacker (torus) bifurcations, along with coexisting chaotic branches in their vicinity. Interestingly, the transition of the SQUID dimer to chaos occurs through a period-doubling cascade of a two-dimensional torus (quasiperiodicity-to-chaos transition). The chaotic states are identified through the calculated Lyapunov spectrum, and their basins of attraction have been determined. Bifurcation diagrams have been constructed on the parameter plane of the coupling strength and the driving frequency of the applied field, and they are superposed to maps of the maximum Lyapunov exponent on the same plane. In this way, a clear connection between chaotic behavior and torus bifurcations is revealed. Moreover, asymmetric states that resemble localized synchronization have been detected using the correlation function between the fluxes threading the loop of the SQUIDs. The effect of intermittent chaotic synchronization, which seems to be present in the SQUID dimer, is only slightly touched.