Quantum Metamaterials: Applications in quantum information science

TL;DR

Quantum metamaterials are engineered nanostructures with quantum elements that enable advanced quantum information processing tasks like entanglement and single-photon control, expanding their classical optical applications into the quantum regime.

Contribution

This paper reviews the theory, fabrication, and applications of quantum metamaterials specifically for quantum information processing, highlighting recent developments and potential uses.

Findings

Quantum metamaterials enable control of quantum states.

They facilitate single photon generation and quantum entanglement.

Applications include quantum sensing and information processing.

Abstract

Metamaterials are artificially engineered periodic structures with exceptional optical properties that are not found in conventional materials. However, this definition of metamaterials can be extended if we introduce a quantum degree of freedom by adding some quantum elements (e.g quantum dots, cold atoms, Josephson junctions, molecules). Quantum metamaterials can then be defined as artificially engineered nanostructures made up of quantum elements. Furthermore, they exhibit controllable quantum states, maintain quantum coherence for times much higher than the transversal time of the electromagnetic signal. Metamaterials have been used to realised invisibility cloaking, super-resolution, energy harvesting, and sensing. Most of these applications are performed in the classical regime. Of recent, metamaterials have gradually found their way into the quantum regime, particularly to quantum sensing and quantum information processing. The use of quantum metamaterials for quantum information processing is still new and rapidly growing. In quantum information processing, quantum metamaterials have enabled the control and manipulation of quantum states, single photon generation, creating quantum entanglement, quantum states switching, quantum search algorithm, quantum state engineering tasks, and many more. In this work, we briefly review the theory, fabrication and applications of quantum metamaterials to quantum information processing.